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A fascinating and enlightening explanation of the dilemma Switzerland found itself in during the 1930's and 1940's. --Publishers Weekly
- Sales Rank: #481094 in eBooks
- Published on: 2009-08-05
- Released on: 2009-08-05
- Format: Kindle eBook
From Publishers Weekly
The recent focus on Swiss accommodations to the Third Reich has obscured the facts surrounding Switzerland's success in deterring Nazi invasion, argues Halbrook in this narrative of Switzerland's preparations for armed resistance during WWII. Concessions on commercial or refugee issues, Halbrook contends, were not enough by themselves to fend off one of history's most ruthless dictatorships. What was decisive, he finds, was Swiss determination to defend itself by an armed force based on armed citizens. In contrast to Holland, Denmark or Norway, Switzerland during WWII successfully maintained its neutrality. It did so, argues Halbrook, by convincing Nazi Germany and its own citizens that any invader would pay in blood for every foot of ground, and in the end would find only devastation. Halbrook, a practicing attorney rather than an academic scholar, relies primarily on journalistic sources to make the points that Switzerland was prepared to abandon most of the country and fight to the last man from an Alpine redoubt. Among other questionable premises he accepts uncritically, he takes as given that militiamen armed primarily with bolt-action rifles and 50 rounds of ammunition constituted an effective fighting force in an age of mechanized war. His account, while written from a limited vantage point, nevertheless establishes a series of elements in danger of being submerged by the recent furor over bank accounts and trade figures. 16 pages of photos not seen by PW.
Copyright 1998 Reed Business Information, Inc.
From Booklist
Halbrook vigorously and, inevitably, controversially argues a conservative defense agenda with his thesis that Switzerland's federal system, which lacks a central authority capable of surrendering the country, and its militia-based defense (shades of the Minutemen, the Second Amendment, and the NRA!) effectively enabled Swiss neutrality during World War II. He offers much evidence that the Swiss armed and equipped themselves at considerable cost to defend their independence, for which most of them were prepared to fight even against the might of the Wehrmacht. Whatever the range of Swiss sympathies was, and however much the necessary bribes to the Third Reich may have benefited the Axis, the Swiss deterred the Germans, remained neutral, and thereby benefited the Allies--and the many thousand refugees allowed into Switzerland--far more. Whether the Swiss would have offered a last-ditch resistance in the face of the full range of German terror tactics remains an open question, of course, but Halbrook suggests that the question of Swiss "complicity" with the Third Reich should also remain open. Roland Green
Review
"A fascinating and enlightening explanation of the dilemma Switzerland found itself in during the 1930's and 1940's."
Most helpful customer reviews
0 of 0 people found the following review helpful.
this book showed me just what a great country Switzerland is and i had wish the USA ...
By Jerome Eisen
Wow,this book showed me just what a great country Switzerland is and i had wish the USA would have follow Switzerland as we are the sister republic of them with our own constitution taken from our founding framers in the year 1776 and had my own hope of doing so as i were a background candidate for President of this USA.
8 of 8 people found the following review helpful.
The Necessary Counterpoint to Misguided Insinuations that the Swiss Were Pro-Axis
By R. Setliff
~Target Switzerland: Swiss Armed Neutrality In World War II~ by researcher Stephen Halbrook is an erudite work, illustrating the dilemma that Switzerland faced in the 1930s and 1940s. The Swiss have been wrongly slandered, scapegoated and extorted for their role in WWII as a neutral power, and are wrongly belittled for supposed accommodations to the Third Reich. Sandwiched between hostile two Axis powers, the Swiss were between the alps and a hard place literally. Her terrain was her best ally.
Halbrook has taken to the task of an honest, forthright treatment of the Swiss diplomatic and political scene during this time, and offers a remarkable look at her anti-Nazi international posturing amidst her proclaimed neutrality. Swiss newspapers insulted Hitler in his own language. Afterwards, when the Nazi government demanded that the insults be quelled, the Swiss attaché politely informed him that the newspapers were not organs of the Swiss state, and they could take no such action. At Swiss movie reels, the Swiss would greet moving pictures of German crowds greeting Hitler with their salute with laughter as they found the German sycophancy for his personality cult to be foolish. Needless to say, there were few friends of Hitler and Mussolini in Switzerland.
The Swiss were realistic to the possibility of an Axis invasion, and they made ample military preparations to deter invasion, and make it totally unfruitful. The Swiss were prepared for an all out war of resistance. Herein, Henri Guisan, the Commander in Chief of the neutral Swiss Army during World War II is presented as an unlikely hero. Huisan realized that the German Panzers had the upper hand, and could easily descend upon the northern plateau of Switzerland, and posited that free partisans operating from a fortified alpine redoubt as their base of operations would wage a fierce war against the invader, and make them pay heavily for every inch of Swiss soil. Fortresses were established at passes in the southwest, south, and southeast, and a barrage of artillery fire and gunfire from every direction would pummeled the German Panzers and troops entering through the narrow vallies.
The vast majority of the Swiss populace, even in the German-speaking regions, hoped for Allied victory. The fear of a Nazi invasion was a legitimate concern of the Swiss. The Swiss had a well-supplied military redoubt where the bulk of the military was stationed and the remnant. The redoubt was a veritable fortress with earthworks, trenches, tunnels, AA guns, and machine guns. If attacked, the underdog Swiss planned to exploit the terrain (i.e. towering mountains, narrow passes) to harness every possible tactical advantage in much the same way the as the beleaguered Spartans did at Thermopylae.
This book is complimented by the book by intelligenbce analyst Angelo Codevilla, and is much more detailed. The Swiss were not taking chances with national security before and during World War II. The few Nazi saboteurs in Switzerland were rightly executed for treason against the Confederation, and others imprisoned for their activities aimed at subverting the Swiss government, and submerging the free nation into the Third Reich. The Swiss shot down Nazi Luftwaffe planes that strayed into her territory.
All things considered, this is a needed reassessment of the Swiss role before and during World War II. The Swiss have a proud heritage of free-markets and limited government, and deserve our empathy not our scorn.
6 of 6 people found the following review helpful.
A neutral country in World War II.
By Kevin M Quigg
Switzerland was a neutral nation surrounded by the Axis during World War II. With the fall of France, this country was literally surrounded. However, Germany chose not to invade. The reason--the Swiss population was mobilized and ready for an invasion. They were also deadly marksmen, who would have taken many German soldiers done with them. At the beginning of WWII, Switzerland had 10% of its population under arms. At the end of the war, it had 20% mobilized and ready for invasion. The Germans thought about an invasion, but they realized it would be very costly. What they sought to control was Swiss politics and they couldn't even do that. Switzerland was a democratic republic that respected fair journalism.
This is a revealing book about an unknown aspect of World War II. Although the author paints a positive portrait of Switzerland, it does not show how the Swiss kept some Jewish refugees out and turned them away at the border to their certain death. It does show how a ready posture of its armed forces certainly deterred the Axis from invading. It also shows how Switzerland helped the Allies in certain ways, even though she was a neutral. An interesting book about an unknown theater of WWII.
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